BIBLICAL GREEK MADE SIMPLE
ALL THE BASICS IN ONE SEMESTER
Danny Zacharias
PURCHASE ON AMAZON, LEXHAM PRESS, OR LOGOS
The First Introductory Greek Grammar to Fully Embrace Bible Software in the Learning Process!
New Testament Greek Stripped Down is a unique introductory Greek grammar which seeks to provide students with an understanding of the essentials of Greek grammar while equipping them to make immediate use of Greek for exegesis using Logos Bible Software.
What makes NT Greek Stripped Down unique:
~Equips Students to Immediately Make Use Of Greek~
Instead of shunning Bible Software as a crutch, this textbook fully embraces the use of Bible software and equips the student to make immediate use of Greek in exegesis through the training and use of Logos Bible software for exegesis in the primary language.
“[The] visual approach to the formation of Greek words is splendid and discussions of grammar and syntax focus well on those facets that are most important for interpretation…Seminary professors and motivated individual learners alike will want to give this a close look”
~Built For The Next Generation~
NT Greek Stripped Down is published by Lexham Press. Available in a beautiful hardcover or in Logos digital format, the textbook is accessible in the way you want it.
~Rich Use of Multimedia~
Numerous videos to help understand grammar and learn Logos Bible software are linked throughout the book, as well as ready-made online flashcards to help users remember the core elements of each chapter.
“As many colleges and seminaries already employ Logos Bible Software in the teaching of Greek, this textbook, which integrates learning to use the Logos software alongside a more traditional teaching approach, will prove invaluable.”
~Designed To Work In One Or Two Semesters~
Ideal for schools that require only one semester of Greek but also want to equip their students to go further in Greek studies when needed as well. For schools that want the flexibility of offering 1 or 2 semesters of Greek, this book is designed to accommodate.
~Compatible with the Author's Apps and Multimedia Offerings~
Compatibility for NT Greek Stripped Down is built into FlashGreek Pro and ParseGreek apps to enrich the learning experience. In addition, The Singing Grammarian is also drawn upon throughout the text.
~Up to Date and Accurate Scholarship~
This introduction to Greek makes use of and teaches students the latest in Greek scholarship, particularly on components related to Greek verbs.
~Video Lessons Available~
For self-learners or students needing additional teaching time, the author has created video lectures to accompany the textbook. The video course is available on the author's own platform, and is available on any device. In the video course, students have access to video lectures for every chapter, with accompanying PDF slides, AND the ability to ask questions of the author directly within the course! The Logos Tutorial video course referenced in the grammar is also available.
~Listen to an interview about the book on Tool Talk podcast from Exegetical Tools~
Table of Contents
Introducing Biblical Greek Made Simple xxi
Chapter 1: Signs and Sounds of Greek Made Simple 1
1.1: The Greek Alphabet 1
1.2: Greek Vowels 3
1.2.1: Vowel Contraction 3
1.3: Greek Consonants 4
1.3.1: The Sigma with a Liquid 4
1.3.2: The Sigma with the Stops 4
1.4: Jots and Tittles in Greek 5
1.4.1: Breathing Marks 5
1.4.2: Accent Marks 6
1.4.3: Punctuation Marks 7
1.4.4: Diaeresis, Crasis, Elision 7
1.4.5: Greek Syllables 8
1.5: The Least You Need to Know 8
1.6: Greek@Logos 9
1.7: Vocabulary 10
1.8: The Second Time Around 16
Chapter 2: Greek Nouns Made Simple 17
2.1: Greek Inflection 17
2.2: Noun Cases 18
2.3: Noun Gender 20
2.4: Noun Number 20
2.5: Noun Lexical Form 20
2.6: Noun Declensions 21
2.7: Noun Case Endings 22
2.7.1: 1st Declension 22
2.7.2: 2nd Declension 23
2.7.3: 3rd Declension 23
2.8: Noun Parsing 26
2.9: The Least You Need to Know 27
2.10: Greek@Logos 27
2.11: Vocabulary 28
2.12: The Second Time Around 34
Chapter 3: Case Functions Made Simple 39
3.1: Introduction 39
3.2: Nominative 40
3.2.1: Simple Subject 40
3.2.2: Predicate Nominative 40
3.2.3: Apposition 40
3.3: Genitive 41
3.3.1: Possessive 41
3.3.2: Genitive of Relationship 41
3.3.3: Attributive Genitive 41
3.3.4: Apposition 42
3.3.5: Genitive of Comparison 42
3.3.6: Subjective Genitive 42
3.3.7: Objective Genitive 42
3.3.8: Genitive of Time 43
3.3.9: Genitive as Direct Object 43
3.3.10: Descriptive 43
3.4: Dative 43
3.4.1: Indirect Object 43
3.4.2: Dative of Interest 43
3.4.3: Dative of Reference 44
3.4.4: Apposition 44
3.4.5: Dative of Sphere 44
3.4.6: Dative of Time 44
3.4.7: Dative of Association 44
3.4.8: Dative of Means (Instrumental) 45
3.4.9: Dative of Cause 45
3.5: Accusative 45
3.5.1: Direct Object 45
3.5.2: Double Object 45
3.5.3: Apposition 45
3.6: Nouns in the DBL Greek Lexicon 46
3.6.1: A Word on Semantic Domains 46
3.6.2: An Analysis of a DBLGreek Noun Entry 47
3.6.2.1: Lexical Form, Stem, Gender, and Part of Speech 47
3.6.2.2: Links to Hebrew Equivalents, Strong’s, and TDNT 48
3.6.2.3: Louw & Nida Number 48
3.6.2.4: Gloss 48
3.6.2.5: Brief Explanation, Greek Example, and Scripture Example 48
3.6.3: DBLGreek Noun Example 49
3.6.4: Reading a Louw & Nida Entry 49
3.6.5: Determining The Semantic Domain For A Word Instance 50
3.6: The Least You Need to Know 50
3.7: Greek@Logos 51
3.8: Vocabulary 51
3.9: The Second Time Around 58
Chapter 4: Greek Indicative Verbs Made Simple 63
4.1: Verb Basics 63
4.1.1: Types of Verbs 63
4.1.2: The Efficiency of Greek Verbs 65
4.1.3: Greek Aspect 66
4.2: Components of a Greek Verb 67
4.2.1: Tense 67
4.2.1.1: Present Tense 67
4.2.1.2: Imperfect Tense 68
4.2.1.3: Future Tense 68
4.2.1.4: Aorist Tense 68
4.2.1.5: Perfect Tense 69
4.2.1.6: Pluperfect Tense 69
4.2.2: Voice 69
4.2.3: Mood 70
4.2.4: Person 70
4.2.5: Number 71
4.3: How Greek Indicative Verbs are Formed 71
4.3.1: The Indicative Slot Machine 71
4.3.1.1: Slot 1: Augment 73
4.3.1.2: Slot 2: Reduplication 73
4.3.1.3: Slot 3: Verb Stems 73
4.3.1.4: Slot 4: Tense Suffixes 74
4.3.1.5: Slot 5: Connecting Vowel 75
4.3.1.6: Slot 6: Primary and Secondary Endings 75
4.4: Strong Verb Example 76
4.4.1: Verb Translation 77
4.5: Verb Parsing 80
4.6: The Last Word 80
4.7: The Least You Need to Know 80
4.8: Greek@Logos 81
4.9: Vocabulary 82
4.10: The Second Time Around 87
Chapter 5: Principal Parts and Alternative-Pattern Indicative Verbs Made Simple 91
5.1: Introduction 91
5.2: Greek Principal Parts 91
5.3: Different Types of Verbs 97
5.3.1: Lexical Middle Verbs 97
5.3.2: Contract Verbs 98
5.3.3: Compound Verbs 100
5.3.4: Second Aorist Verbs 102
5.3.5: μι Verbs 102
5.3.5.1: εἰμί 104
5.4: The Least You Need to Know 104
5.5: Greek@Logos 105
5.6: Vocabulary 106
5.7: The Second Time Around 110
Chapter 6: The Article, Adjectives, Pronouns, and Numbers Made Simple 117
6.1: Twenty-four Ways to Say “The” 117
6.1.1: How the Article is Formed 117
6.1.2: What the Article Can Do 118
6.1.2.1: Make Something Definite 118
6.1.2.2: Act Like a Pronoun 118
6.1.2.3: Rope in a Prepositional Phrase 119
6.2: Adjectives 120
6.2.1: How Adjectives are Formed 121
6.2.1.1: Comparatives and Superlatives 121
6.2.2: What Adjectives Can Do 122
6.2.2.1: Attribute Value to a Noun 122
6.2.2.2: Act Like a Noun (act substantivally) 123
6.2.2.3: Act as a Predicate Nominative 124
6.3: Pronouns 125
6.3.1: How Pronouns are Formed 125
6.3.2: Personal Pronouns 125
6.3.2.1: 1st and 2nd Person Personal Pronoun 126
6.3.2.2: 3rd Person Personal Pronoun 127
6.3.3: Pronouns That Act Like Adjectives 127
6.3.3.1: Special Functions of the 3rd Person Personal Pronoun 127
6.3.3.2: Demonstrative Pronouns 128
6.3.3.3: Correlative and Possessive Pronouns 129
6.3.4: Pronouns That Introduce a Dependent Clause 129
6.3.4.1: Relative Pronouns 129
6.3.4.2: Indefinite Relative Pronouns 130
6.3.5: Pronouns That Ask a Question 131
6.3.5.1: Interrogative Pronouns 131
6.3.5.2: Qualitative and Quantitative Interrogative Pronouns 131
6.3.6: More Pronouns Acting Like Pronouns 132
6.3.6.1: Indefinite Pronouns 132
6.3.6.2: Reflexive, Reciprocal, and Negative Pronouns 132
6.4: Numbers 132
6.4.1: Cardinals 133
6.4.2: Ordinals 134
6.5: The Least You Need to Know 134
6.6: Greek@Logos 136
6.7: Vocabulary 136
6.8: The Second Time Around 145
Chapter 7: Adverbs, Prepositions, Phrases, and Clauses Made Simple 153
7.1: Adverbs 153
7.2: Prepositions 153
7.2.1: Preposition Forms 155
7.2.2: Preposition Functions 155
7.3: More Little Words 157
7.3.1: Conjunctions 157
7.3.2: Interjections 158
7.3.3: Particles 158
7.4: Word Groups 158
7.4.1: Phrases 160
7.4.2: Clauses 161
7.4.2.1: Independent Clauses 161
7.4.2.2: Dependent, Participle, and Infinitive Clauses 161
7.4.2.3: Dependent Clause Introducers 162
7.5: Syntax and Bible Software 163
7.6: The Least You Need to Know 163
7.7: Greek@Logos 164
7.8: Vocabulary 164
7.9: The Second Time Around 172
Chapter 8: Participles Made Simple 175
8.1: Participle Description 175
8.2: How Participles Are Formed 176
8.3: What a Participle Can Do, pt.1 181
8.3.1: Participle Acting Like An Adjective 181
8.3.2: Participle Acting Like a Verb 182
8.4: The Least You Need to Know 182
8.5: Greek@Logos 183
8.6: Vocabulary 184
8.7: The Second Time Around 191
Chapter 9: Participle Functions Made Simple 195
9.1: What a Participle Can Do 195
9.1.1: Periphrastic Participle 195
9.1.2: Genitive Absolute 196
9.1.3: Adverbial Participle 196
9.2: Understanding Participle Function and Translation 199
9.2.1: The Subject of an Adverbial Participle 201
9.2.2: The Tense Of A Participle 202
9.3: The Least You Need to Know 203
9.4: Greek@Logos 203
9.5: Vocabulary 204
9.6: The Second Time Around 213
Chapter 10: Non-Indicative Verbs Made Simple 217
10.1: Introduction 217
10.2: Subjunctive Mood 218
10.2.1: How the Subjunctive is Formed 218
10.2.2: Understanding Subjunctive Translation and Function 220
10.2.2.1: Subjunctive in Independent Clauses 222
10.2.2.2: Subjunctive in Dependent Clauses 222
10.2.3: Conditional Sentences 223
10.3: Imperative 225
10.3.1: How the Imperative is Formed 225
10.3.2: Understanding Imperative Translation and Function 227
10.4: Optative 228
10.5: The Least You Need to Know 229
10.6: Greek@Logos 230
10.7: Vocabulary 231
10.8: The Second Time Around 238
Chapter 11: Infinitives Made Simple 243
11.1: Infinitive Description 243
11.2: How Infinitives Are Formed 243
11.3: What An Infinitive Can Do 245
11.3.1: Infinitive as Subject (nominative) 245
11.3.2: Infinitive as Object (accusative) 246
11.3.3: Appositional Infinitive or Epexegetical Infinitive (accusative) 246
11.3.4: Infinitive in Indirect Discourse 247
11.3.5: Complementary Infinitive 247
11.3.6: Adverbial Infinitive 248
11.4: Understanding Infinitive Function and Translation 250
11.4.1: The Sort-of-Subject of an Infinitive 252
11.4.2: The Tense Of An Infinitive 253
11.5: The Least You Need to Know 253
11.6: Greek@Logos 1254
11.7: Vocabulary 255
11.8: The Second Time Around 265
Chapter 12: Where Do I Go From Here? 271
12.1: Going Beyond 271
Practice Tables 273
Chapter 13: Appendices 285
A: Vocabulary Lists 285
B: Principal Parts 298
C: A Rubric for Preparing Sermons and Bible Studies 301
D: Using the BDAG Lexicon 303
E: Glossary 311
F: 1 John 1:1–4 Syntax Sheet 325